2025 AMC 10A Problems/Problem 10: Difference between revisions
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<asy> | <asy> | ||
import graph; | import graph; unitsize(14mm); | ||
unitsize(14mm); | defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)+fontsize(10pt)); | ||
defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)+fontsize(10pt)); | dotfactor=4; | ||
dotfactor=4; | |||
pair A = (-3,0); | pair A = (-3,0); | ||
pair B = (3,0); | pair B = (3,0); | ||
fill(Arc((0,0),3,0,180)--cycle,palered); | |||
fill(Arc((-1.125,0),0.75,0,180)--cycle,white); | |||
draw(Arc((0,0),3,0,180),black); | |||
draw(Arc((-1.125,0),0.75,0,180),black); | |||
draw((-3,0) -- (-1.875,0),black); | |||
draw((-0.375,0) -- (3,0),black); | |||
draw((-2.895, 0.75) -- (2.895,0.75), black); | |||
dot((-3,0)); dot((3,0)); dot((-2.925, 0.75)); | |||
dot((2.925, 0.75)); | |||
fill(Arc( | label("$16$",midpoint((-2.925, 0.75)--(2.925, 0.75)),N); | ||
draw(Arc( | label("$A$",A,S); | ||
draw(Arc( | label("$B$",B,S); | ||
draw( | label("$C$",(-2.925, 0.75),W); | ||
draw((-0.375,0) -- | label("$D$",(2.925, 0.75),E); | ||
dot( | |||
dot( | |||
dot( | |||
dot( | |||
label("$16$", midpoint( | |||
label("$A$", A, S); | |||
label("$B$", B, S); | |||
label("$C$", | |||
label("$D$", | |||
</asy> | </asy> | ||
What is the area of the resulting figure, shown shaded? | What is the area of the resulting figure, shown shaded? | ||
| Line 41: | Line 29: | ||
<imath>\textbf{(A) } 16\pi \qquad\textbf{(B) } 24\pi \qquad\textbf{(C) } 32\pi \qquad\textbf{(D) } 48\pi \qquad\textbf{(E) } 64\pi</imath> | <imath>\textbf{(A) } 16\pi \qquad\textbf{(B) } 24\pi \qquad\textbf{(C) } 32\pi \qquad\textbf{(D) } 48\pi \qquad\textbf{(E) } 64\pi</imath> | ||
==Solution 1 (Somewhat | ==Video Solution== | ||
Notice that the size of the smaller semicircle is not specified, and there is no additional information that hints at any specific size for it. Hence, we can shrink the small semicircle until its area is arbitrarily small and negligible, leaving us with a semicircle with a diameter of <imath>16</imath>. The area of the semicircle is given by <imath>\frac{\pi r^2}{2}</imath>, so we have <imath>r=\frac{16}{2}=8\Rightarrow</imath><imath>A=\frac{\pi(8)^2}{2}=\boxed{\ | https://youtu.be/l1RY_C20Q2M | ||
==Note== | |||
This question is similar to [https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php?title=2004_AMC_12B_Problems/Problem_10 2004 AMC 12B 10/AMC 10B 12]. | |||
Lets call the radius of the big semi-circle <imath>R</imath> and the radius of the small semi-circle <imath>r</imath>. The <imath>c</imath> in the 2004 AMC 12B 10/AMC 10B 12, corresponds to <imath>r</imath> and the <imath>b</imath> corresponds to <imath>R</imath>. If we cut the chord by half, we get <imath>8</imath> as a result, and the <imath>8</imath> corresponds to <imath>a</imath>. The only difference is this problem contains two semi-circles while the 2004 AMC 12B 10/AMC 10B 12 contains two circles. | |||
From that problem, we know that the area of the annulus is <imath>\pi a^2</imath>, which means the area in this problem should be <imath>\frac{\pi(8)^2}{2}</imath> which is <imath>\boxed{\mathrm{(C)\ }32\pi}</imath>. | |||
Basically, the 2004 AMC 12B 10/AMC 10B 12 was just a generalized problem while this one was a more specific one | |||
~Neo | |||
==Not a cheeky solution== | |||
This solution is a general solution if MAA stated the diagram is not to be altered in any way (i.e. the chord is not the diameter, the chord can't be moved, the semicircle can't be moved, shrunk, etc.) | |||
Solution 2 is the only other solution (at the moment) that satisfies those prerequisites. | |||
Call the center of the big semicircle \( \omega \). Also, call the radius of the big semicircle \( R \) and the smaller semicircle \( r \). We then see that the distance from \( \omega \) to the chord is simply \( r \). We also see that if we draw a line from the intersection of the bigger semicircle and the chord to \( \omega \), that is just \( R \). Finally, it is a given fact that drawing a line from \( \omega \) to the top of the semicircle perpendicularly bisects the chord into two lengths of 8. Thus, our first equation is \( r^2 + 64 = R^2 \). | |||
For our second equation, we take our line we drew from \( \omega \) to the top of the semicircle, calling it \( l \). The distance from the intersection of the chord and \( l \), call it \( E \), to the top of the semicircle is \( R-r \). We take the midpoint of this line, call it \( M \), splitting The distance of \( E \) to the top of the semicircle into two equal parts of length \( \frac{R-r}{2} \). We can clearly see that lines \( \omega M \) and \( CD \) intersect \( E \) at \( 90^\circ \), therefore quadrilateral \( C\omega DM \) is a rhombus. With that in mind it isnt hard to prove that triangles \( \omega EC \) and \( MEC \) are congruent through ASA, and then we see that \( \frac{R-r}{2} = r \), and \( R = 3r \). | |||
Through substitution, we see \( r^2+64=R^2 \implies r^2 + 64 = 9r^2 \implies 64 = 8r^2 \implies 8 = r^2 \implies r = \sqrt{8} \), therefore the radius of the smaller semicircle is \( \sqrt{8} \). | |||
We have \( R=3r \), and so the radius of the bigger semicircle is \( 3\sqrt{8} \). | |||
We want the area of the bigger semicircle minus the area of the smaller semicircle, which is \( \frac{1}{2} \cdot (3\sqrt{8})^2 \pi - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (\sqrt{8})^2 \pi = 36 \pi - 4\pi = 32 \pi \) | |||
Thus the answer is <imath>\boxed{\text{(C) }32\pi}</imath> | |||
The other solutions are quite interesting. Go check em' out. | |||
~Pinotation | |||
==Solution 1 (Somewhat Cheeky)== | |||
Notice that the size of the smaller semicircle is not specified, and there is no additional information that hints at any specific size for it. Hence, we can shrink the small semicircle until its area is arbitrarily small and negligible, leaving us with a semicircle with a diameter of <imath>16</imath>. The area of the semicircle is given by <imath>\frac{\pi r^2}{2}</imath>, so we have <imath>r=\frac{16}{2}=8\Rightarrow</imath><imath>A=\frac{\pi(8)^2}{2}=\boxed{\text{(C) }32\pi}</imath> | |||
~Bocabulary142857 | ~Bocabulary142857 | ||
==Solution 2== | ==Solution 2== | ||
Let the radius of the larger semicircle be <imath>R</imath> and that of the smaller one be <imath>r.</imath> We are looking for <imath>\dfrac{1}{2}\pi(R^2-r^2).</imath> If we connect the center of the large semicircle to one endpoint of the chord and to the center of the chord, we get a right triangle with legs <imath>8</imath> and <imath>r</imath> and hypotenuse <imath>R.</imath> Hence, <imath>R^2=r^2+8^2\implies R^2-r^2=64\implies\dfrac{1}{2}\pi(R^2-r^2)=\boxed{\text{(C) }32\pi}.</imath> | Let the radius of the larger semicircle be <imath>R</imath> and that of the smaller one be <imath>r.</imath> We are looking for <imath>\dfrac{1}{2}\pi(R^2-r^2).</imath> If we connect the center of the large semicircle to one endpoint of the chord and to the center of the chord, we get a right triangle with legs <imath>8</imath> and <imath>r</imath> and hypotenuse <imath>R.</imath> Hence, <imath>R^2=r^2+8^2\implies R^2-r^2=64\implies\dfrac{1}{2}\pi(R^2-r^2)=\boxed{\text{(C) }32\pi}.!</imath> | ||
~Nioronean, <imath>\LaTeX</imath> and writing by Tacos_are_yummy_1 | ~Nioronean, <imath>\LaTeX</imath> and writing by Tacos_are_yummy_1 | ||
| Line 60: | Line 83: | ||
==Solution 4== | ==Solution 4== | ||
The problem doesn't define where the chord is within the circle. So, let's place the chord such that when lines are drawn from its ends to the center of the larger semicircle, an equilateral triangle with side length <imath>16</imath> is formed. | The problem doesn't define where the chord is within the circle. So, let's place the chord such that when lines are drawn from its ends to the center of the larger semicircle, an equilateral triangle with side length <imath>16</imath> is formed. | ||
<asy> | |||
import graph; unitsize(14mm); | |||
defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)+fontsize(10pt)); | |||
dotfactor=4; | |||
fill(Arc((0,0),3,0,180)--cycle,palered); | |||
fill(Arc((0,0),2.598,0,180)--cycle,white); | |||
draw(Arc((0,0),3,0,180),black); | |||
draw(Arc((0,0),2.598,0,180),black); | |||
draw((-2.598,0) -- (2.598,0), white); | |||
draw((-1.5,2.598) -- (1.5,2.598),black); | |||
draw((0,0) -- (-1.5, 2.598), black); | |||
draw((0,0) -- (1.5, 2.598), black); | |||
draw((0,0) -- (0, 2.598), black); | |||
draw((-3,0) -- (-2.598, 0), black); | |||
draw((3,0) -- (2.598, 0), black); | |||
dot((0,0)); | |||
dot((0,2.598)); | |||
dot((-1.5,2.598)); | |||
dot((1.5,2.598)); | |||
dot((3,0)); | |||
dot((-3,0)); | |||
label("$16$",midpoint((0, 2.598)--(0, 2.598)),N); | |||
label("$8\sqrt{3}$",midpoint((0, 1.4)--(0, 1.4)),E); | |||
label("$16$",midpoint((-0.9, 1.3)--(-0.9, 1.3)),W); | |||
label("$16$",midpoint((0.9, 1.3)--(0.9, 1.3)),E); | |||
label("$A$",midpoint((-3, 0)--(-3, 0)),W); | |||
label("$B$",midpoint((3, 0)--(3, 0)),E); | |||
label("$C$",midpoint((-1.5,2.7)--(-1.5,2.7)),N); | |||
label("$D$",midpoint((1.5,2.7)--(1.5,2.7)),N); | |||
</asy> | |||
In this definition, the radius of the larger semicircle is <imath>16,</imath> giving it an area of <imath>\frac{\pi\cdot16^2}{2} = 128\pi.</imath> | In this definition, the radius of the larger semicircle is <imath>16,</imath> giving it an area of <imath>\frac{\pi\cdot16^2}{2} = 128\pi.</imath> | ||
| Line 73: | Line 127: | ||
==Solution 6== | ==Solution 6== | ||
Since the problem does not restrict where the chord is, we can simply let the chord be the base of the semicircle. Therefore, the area is simply <imath>\frac{\pi\cdot8^2}{2} = 32\pi.</imath> | Since the problem does not restrict where the chord is, WLOG we can simply let the chord be the base of the semicircle. Therefore, the area is simply <imath>\frac{\pi\cdot8^2}{2} = 32\pi.</imath> | ||
~metrixgo | |||
==Solution 7== | |||
We can move this small semicircle to the middle of the big semicircle. Let <imath>r</imath> be the radius of the small semicircle. By Pythagorean Theorem, the line draw from the midpoint of the diameter of the big semicircle to the big semicircle at the height of the small semicircle (see the diagram) has length <imath>\sqrt{r^2 + 64}</imath>. This is a radius of the big semicircle. So the shaded area would be | |||
<cmath>\frac{\pi \cdot (\sqrt{r^2+64})^2 - \pi r^2}{2} = \frac{\pi(r^2 + 64 - r^2)}{2} = \frac{64\pi}{2} = \boxed{\text{(C) } 32\pi}.</cmath> | |||
Diagram: | |||
<asy> | |||
import graph; | |||
unitsize(14mm); | |||
defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)+fontsize(10pt)); | |||
dotfactor=4; | |||
real R = 3; | |||
pair A = (-R,0), B = (R,0); | |||
fill(Arc((0,0),R,0,180)--cycle,palered); | |||
draw(Arc((0,0),R,0,180),black); | |||
real h = 0.75; | |||
pair C = (-sqrt(R^2 - h^2), h); | |||
pair D = ( sqrt(R^2 - h^2), h); | |||
draw(C--D,black); | |||
label("$C$",C,W); | |||
label("$D$",D,E); | |||
label("$16$", midpoint(C--D), N); | |||
real r = h; | |||
pair O = (0,0); | |||
pair Q = (0,r); | |||
fill(Arc(O,r,0,180)--cycle,white); | |||
draw(Arc(O,r,0,180),black); | |||
draw(A--B,black); | |||
draw(O--Q); | |||
draw(O--D); | |||
draw(Q--D, dashed); | |||
label("$A$",A,S); | |||
label("$B$",B,S); | |||
label("$r$", midpoint(O--Q), W); | |||
label("$\sqrt{r^{2}+64}$", midpoint(O--D), S); | |||
label("$8$", midpoint(Q--D), N); | |||
</asy> | |||
~JerryZYang | |||
==Chinese Video Solution== | |||
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1bj2uBxEkU/ | |||
~metrixgo | ~metrixgo | ||
== | == Video Solution (In 1 Min) == | ||
https://youtu.be/8VWMNAx55g0?si=IqLseEtKLl2joUNU ~ Pi Academy | |||
==Video Solution== | |||
https://youtu.be/gWSZeCKrOfU | |||
~MK | |||
==Video Solution by SpreadTheMathLove== | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dAeyV60Hu5c | |||
==Video Solution by Daily Dose of Math== | |||
https://youtu.be/gPh9w3X3QSw | |||
~Thesmartgreekmathdude | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
{{AMC10 box|year=2025|ab=A| | {{AMC10 box|year=2025|ab=A|num-b=9|num-a=11}} | ||
* [[AMC 10]] | * [[AMC 10]] | ||
* [[AMC 10 Problems and Solutions]] | * [[AMC 10 Problems and Solutions]] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:51, 11 November 2025
Problem
A semicircle has diameter
and chord
of length
parallel to
. A smaller semicircle
with diameter on
and tangent to
is cut from the larger semicircle, as shown below.
What is the area of the resulting figure, shown shaded?
Video Solution
Note
This question is similar to 2004 AMC 12B 10/AMC 10B 12.
Lets call the radius of the big semi-circle
and the radius of the small semi-circle
. The
in the 2004 AMC 12B 10/AMC 10B 12, corresponds to
and the
corresponds to
. If we cut the chord by half, we get
as a result, and the
corresponds to
. The only difference is this problem contains two semi-circles while the 2004 AMC 12B 10/AMC 10B 12 contains two circles.
From that problem, we know that the area of the annulus is
, which means the area in this problem should be
which is
.
Basically, the 2004 AMC 12B 10/AMC 10B 12 was just a generalized problem while this one was a more specific one
~Neo
Not a cheeky solution
This solution is a general solution if MAA stated the diagram is not to be altered in any way (i.e. the chord is not the diameter, the chord can't be moved, the semicircle can't be moved, shrunk, etc.)
Solution 2 is the only other solution (at the moment) that satisfies those prerequisites.
Call the center of the big semicircle \( \omega \). Also, call the radius of the big semicircle \( R \) and the smaller semicircle \( r \). We then see that the distance from \( \omega \) to the chord is simply \( r \). We also see that if we draw a line from the intersection of the bigger semicircle and the chord to \( \omega \), that is just \( R \). Finally, it is a given fact that drawing a line from \( \omega \) to the top of the semicircle perpendicularly bisects the chord into two lengths of 8. Thus, our first equation is \( r^2 + 64 = R^2 \).
For our second equation, we take our line we drew from \( \omega \) to the top of the semicircle, calling it \( l \). The distance from the intersection of the chord and \( l \), call it \( E \), to the top of the semicircle is \( R-r \). We take the midpoint of this line, call it \( M \), splitting The distance of \( E \) to the top of the semicircle into two equal parts of length \( \frac{R-r}{2} \). We can clearly see that lines \( \omega M \) and \( CD \) intersect \( E \) at \( 90^\circ \), therefore quadrilateral \( C\omega DM \) is a rhombus. With that in mind it isnt hard to prove that triangles \( \omega EC \) and \( MEC \) are congruent through ASA, and then we see that \( \frac{R-r}{2} = r \), and \( R = 3r \).
Through substitution, we see \( r^2+64=R^2 \implies r^2 + 64 = 9r^2 \implies 64 = 8r^2 \implies 8 = r^2 \implies r = \sqrt{8} \), therefore the radius of the smaller semicircle is \( \sqrt{8} \).
We have \( R=3r \), and so the radius of the bigger semicircle is \( 3\sqrt{8} \).
We want the area of the bigger semicircle minus the area of the smaller semicircle, which is \( \frac{1}{2} \cdot (3\sqrt{8})^2 \pi - \frac{1}{2} \cdot (\sqrt{8})^2 \pi = 36 \pi - 4\pi = 32 \pi \)
Thus the answer is
The other solutions are quite interesting. Go check em' out.
~Pinotation
Solution 1 (Somewhat Cheeky)
Notice that the size of the smaller semicircle is not specified, and there is no additional information that hints at any specific size for it. Hence, we can shrink the small semicircle until its area is arbitrarily small and negligible, leaving us with a semicircle with a diameter of
. The area of the semicircle is given by
, so we have ![]()
~Bocabulary142857
Solution 2
Let the radius of the larger semicircle be
and that of the smaller one be
We are looking for
If we connect the center of the large semicircle to one endpoint of the chord and to the center of the chord, we get a right triangle with legs
and
and hypotenuse
Hence,
~Nioronean,
and writing by Tacos_are_yummy_1
Solution 3
The problem doesn't restrict where the smaller semicircle is along the larger semicircle's diameter. Therefore, we can assume that the two semicircles are concentric.
Let the center of both semicircles be
, and let
be tangent to the smaller semicircle at
. Let the radius of the smaller semicircle be
, and let the radius of the larger semicircle be
. If we mirror the diagram over
, we can see that we have two concentric circles. We are trying to find
. By Power of a Point on
, we can see that
Thus,
~vinceS
Solution 4
The problem doesn't define where the chord is within the circle. So, let's place the chord such that when lines are drawn from its ends to the center of the larger semicircle, an equilateral triangle with side length
is formed.
In this definition, the radius of the larger semicircle is
giving it an area of
The height of the equilateral triangle is
which is equal to the radius of the smaller semicircle. This gives the smaller semicircle an area of
The total shaded area is the difference of these semicircles, or
~chisps
Solution 5
Let the radius of the larger semicircle be
and the smaller one
We are asked to compute
. Since a diameter is always perpendicular and bisects a chord, by drawing a diameter and applying Power of a Point Theorem, this yields
. Therefore, the answer is
~hxve
Solution 6
Since the problem does not restrict where the chord is, WLOG we can simply let the chord be the base of the semicircle. Therefore, the area is simply
~metrixgo
Solution 7
We can move this small semicircle to the middle of the big semicircle. Let
be the radius of the small semicircle. By Pythagorean Theorem, the line draw from the midpoint of the diameter of the big semicircle to the big semicircle at the height of the small semicircle (see the diagram) has length
. This is a radius of the big semicircle. So the shaded area would be
Diagram:
~JerryZYang
Chinese Video Solution
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1bj2uBxEkU/
~metrixgo
Video Solution (In 1 Min)
https://youtu.be/8VWMNAx55g0?si=IqLseEtKLl2joUNU ~ Pi Academy
Video Solution
~MK
Video Solution by SpreadTheMathLove
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dAeyV60Hu5c
Video Solution by Daily Dose of Math
~Thesmartgreekmathdude
See Also
| 2025 AMC 10A (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
| Preceded by Problem 9 |
Followed by Problem 11 | |
| 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | ||
| All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions | ||
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